Antennas By N6LF

Antenna design ideas for radio amateurs by Rudy Severns N6LF

Antennas

The design of antennas is a rich field for investigation and innovation.  Even after over a hundred years of work in the field we can still gain new insights and create ideas with immediate practical applications.  Since I was first licensed over 50 years ago antennas have been my passion.  Over the years I have published articles on antennas and continue to study and write about them.  The purpose of this blog is to make this work available to those who might be interested.

In both amateur and commercial installations the transmitting and receiving equipment has become quite standardized and we rarely design and build our own equipment. The exception to that for me has been my participation in the ARRL 600m experiments where standard ham gear will not transmit. I've had to go back building some gear for this experiment.   Antennas however, have much greater variety and provide a means for greatly improving station performance at modest cost.  The "home brew" antenna is very much alive and well among amateurs.  With a bit of knowledge and some hard work, the amateur can usually do as good or better than standard commercially available antennas and frequently at much lower cost. Many years ago Tom Erdmann, W7DND,(SK) told me that if I had $100, I should spend the first $90 on the antenna, the next $9 for the receiver and the final $1 on the transmitter. Of course prices have gone up bit since then but those proportions are still sound advice. I can honestly say I have a lot more money invested in my antennas than in my station equipment.

This web site provides direct access to my articles and a venue for new work which will be added from time to time as I do more. Except for articles published elsewhere, much of what I'll be posting will be pretty informal and subject to change as I learn more. The work reported here is a mix of analytic (calculations), NEC modeling and field experiments on actual antennas. Each of these has it's place but the best picture will emerge when all three techniques are combined.

If you're interested in verticals and ground systems take a look at the posts on ground system design and elevated radial verticals.  For ideas on simple gain antennas for the low bands there are a wealth of ideas in the posts on single support low-band antennas and half-square antennas.  For some practical insight on what to use for conductors in wire antennas take a look at the post on conductors for HF wire antennas.  There are also articles on tower-antenna interactions and some information on my participation in the 600m experimental group. Most of the files for downloading are in .pdf format.  The file sizes and original publication are noted after each.

October 17, 2006 in Introductory comments | Permalink | Comments (0)

Series of QEX articles on ground system experiments

Last year I posted results from a series of experiments on ground systems for vertical antennas.  That series of reports was converted, with some modifications, into a series fo seven articles in QEX magazine.  As of the Jan/Feb 2010 issue all seven will have been published.  The ARRL has kindly given me permission to post .pdf files of these seven articles for those who do not have access to QEX.  Here they are:

Download QEX ground systems part 1

Download QEX ground systems part 2

Download QEX ground systems part 3

Download QEX ground systems part 4

Download QEX ground systems part 5

Download QEX ground systems part 6

Download QEX ground systems part 7

December 30, 2009 in ARRL antenna articles, Design of radial ground systems | Permalink | Comments (4)

New 600m station at WD2XSH/20

Last August the FCC renewed and expanded the license for the 600m experimental group so for this new season I have rebuilt my antenna and completely redone the station.  The following is a description of the current antenna and station at N6LF, WD2XZSH/20: Download 600 meter station at WD2XSH .  The file is about 300 kB.

November 05, 2009 in 600m experiment | Permalink | Comments (0)

A large ID clamp-on RF current transformer

Earlier this year I posted a description of a simple clamp-on RF current transformer.  Since that time I have updated the design with a much larger ID and the core held in a spring-clamp that allows easy on/off in the field.  The following is an update of the earlier post: Download Current transformer 2 .  File size = 460 kB.

June 15, 2009 in Vertical array design ideas | Permalink | Comments (0)

Back to NK7U for more tests

Earlier I posted a report on the work done last October on the 80m 4-square at NK7U.  After that work there were still many unanswered questions so I and W2VJN went back to NK7U at the end of May to run more tests.  The following is report on that trip.Download Report on 29-30 May 09 measurements .  size = 175 kB.

This series of tests also generate more questions than answers but I think it may be interesting to those who might have an array near a tower.

June 15, 2009 in Vertical array design ideas | Permalink | Comments (0)

An example of the effect of tower coupling on an array

It's well known that a nearby tower can affect the performance of a vertical array but I haven't seen any articles which give an actual example.  Last fall I made such measurements on an 80m 4-square which clearly show just how bad the interaction can be.  Attached is a summary of those measurements: Download NK7U array tests 7 Oct 08 .  This file is about 73 kB.

March 15, 2009 in Vertical array design ideas | Permalink

Vertical-tower interactions

Interaction between a vertical and a nearby tower can be a very real concern.  I have done a short NEC modeling study on the subject which sheds some light on the subject. It's far from complete and I will no doubt expand it in the future but I have received a number of questions on the subject so here is the study in its present form.  Download Tower coupling study  The file is approximately 250 kB.

March 12, 2009 in Vertical array design ideas | Permalink

Tower resonance measurements

I mentioned on the towertalk reflector that I had been trying to make accurate measurements of resonance in grounded towers with large antennas systems on them.  A number of people asked for the details.  So here they are: Download Some notes on measuring tower resonances .  These are only preliminary notes which give the general idea of what I'm about.  In due course they will be updated.

73, Rudy N6LF

February 12, 2009 in Vertical array design ideas | Permalink

Comment on comments

I just realized that my weblog was open for comments.  I thought I had it closed so I have not been reading any of your comments.  Please send comments to n6lf@arrl.net

October 15, 2008 | Permalink

Pacificon 2008 presentation

On Friday October 17th I'll be giving a talk at Pacificon 2008 in San Ramon, CA.  The talk is just an overview of my recent ground system experiments.  Here is a copy of the presentation for those who attended or have an interest:

Download pacificon_2008.pps

October 15, 2008 in Design of radial ground systems | Permalink | Comments (0)

Are the lengths of radials related to the height of a vertical?

I first posted this note some weeks ago with information on the relation between vertical height and radial lengths.  However, that information was buried in one of the attachments.  To make it easier to find I've extracted the parts relevant to radial length versus height and they are now a separate and much smaller download:  Download Vertical height versus radial system .

A couple of weeks back I noticed a question on the TowerTalk reflector about making the radials on a vertical the same length as the height, i.e. use shorter radials on shorter antennas.  Something along these lines has been "conventional wisdom" for a long time but I'd never seen any real justification for it.  So I did a quick modeling study and up to a point it does seem to support this idea.  I wrote this up in:

Download radial_system_design_and_efficiency_in_hf_verticals.pdf

While I was at it I took a look at the variation in radiation resistance and ground loss resistance as the radial system and/or ground characteristics were varied:

Download radiation_resistance_variation_with_radial_system_design.pdf

This one is just for fun, I don't think it has much practical application but it may help in understanding how verticals work.

October 04, 2008 in Design of radial ground systems | Permalink | Comments (0)

»

About

Recent Posts

  • Series of QEX articles on ground system experiments
  • New 600m station at WD2XSH/20
  • A large ID clamp-on RF current transformer
  • Back to NK7U for more tests
  • An example of the effect of tower coupling on an array
  • Vertical-tower interactions
  • Tower resonance measurements
  • Comment on comments
  • Pacificon 2008 presentation
  • Are the lengths of radials related to the height of a vertical?

Archives

  • December 2009
  • November 2009
  • June 2009
  • March 2009
  • February 2009
  • October 2008
  • August 2008
  • July 2007
  • October 2006
  • September 2006

Categories

  • 600m experiment
  • ARRL antenna articles
  • Design of radial ground systems
  • Introductory comments
  • Measurement of soil characteristics
  • Vertical array design ideas